Getting information about the local Windows installation and some simple info on the physics is usually done through Windows environmental variables. There is a somewhat old blog post (link) on the subject from the Microsoft PowerShell Team.
But using the .NET Environment class gives you a lot more than the environmental variables.
This is some examples of usage of the static elements of the Environment class:
[System.Environment]::CommandLine
[System.Environment]::CurrentDirectory
[System.Environment]::CurrentManagedThreadId
[System.Environment]::ExitCode
[System.Environment]::HasShutdownStarted
[System.Environment]::Is64BitOperatingSystem
[System.Environment]::Is64BitProcess
[System.Environment]::MachineName
[System.Environment]::NewLine
[System.Environment]::OSVersion | Format-List -Property *
[System.Environment]::ProcessorCount
[System.Environment]::StackTrace
[System.Environment]::SystemDirectory
[System.Environment]::SystemPageSize
[System.Environment]::TickCount
[System.Environment]::UserDomainName
[System.Environment]::UserInteractive
[System.Environment]::UserName
[System.Environment]::Version | Format-List -Property *
[System.Environment]::WorkingSet
[System.Environment]::Equals($null, $true)
[System.Environment]::Exit(42)
[System.Environment]::ExpandEnvironmentVariables('%ComSpec%')
[System.Environment]::ExpandEnvironmentVariables('%Path%').Split(';')
[System.Environment]::FailFast('Boom!')
[System.Environment]::GetCommandLineArgs()
[System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable('ComSpec')
[System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariables(
[System.Enum]::GetNames([System.Environment+SpecialFolder])[System.Environment]::GetFolderPath('SystemX86') | Get-ChildItem
[System.Environment]::GetFolderPath([System.Environment+SpecialFolder])
[System.Environment]::GetLogicalDrives()[0]
[System.Environment]::ReferenceEquals($null, $true)When I find some new details this will be updated.
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